Understanding Horse Genetics: The Building Blocks of Breeding

By Dr. Benjamin Arnold-Ladensack

Every Clydesdale tells a genetic story. From height and temperament to coat color and overall health, these traits are shaped by DNA, the biological blueprint passed down from sire and dam. Inside each horse are chromosomes carrying thousands of genes, each influencing how that horse looks, moves, and functions.

Some traits, like coat color, offer a visible glimpse into genetics at work. Others, such as health markers and inherited conditions, are far less obvious yet far more impactful for breeders. Modern genetic testing allows us to see beyond appearance, identifying hidden carriers of genetic conditions and helping breeders make smarter, more responsible breeding decisions.

Horse genetics also plays a crucial role in the long-term strength of the Clydesdale breed. Concepts such as genomic inbreeding, heterozygosity, and genetic similarity within breeding groups reveal just how limited the current gene pool has become and why informed breeding choices matter now more than ever.

Beyond today’s breeding decisions, genetic testing contributes to something even bigger: a growing genetic knowledge bank that will support future research, discoveries, and preservation efforts for generations to come.

This article explores how science and horsemanship can work together to protect what makes Clydesdales so remarkable, while improving their health, resilience, and future.

👉 To read the full article, located in The Alliance publication, Volume 3, and to access many more in-depth, breed-focused features, become a member of the Worldwide Clydesdale Alliance by clicking the link below!

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